The scope of project work comprises measurement of physical, micro structural, mechanical, thermal properties and heat transfer simulation were carried out on as-synthesized porous silica ceramics by direct foam method. In this investagation porous ceramics showed 86% porosity. The density and shrinkages were calculated from dimensional measurement method. The micro structural characterization was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to evaluate the pore sizes within the sample. The mechanical strength for porous ceramics was evaluated by compression test using universal testing machine (UTM). For examining the thermal property of the porous samples, a thermal conductivity set up has been designed and fabricated (in-house) for measuring the thermal conductivity using heat transfer approach. The modeling of porous ceramic sample was done using Finite Element Analysis (FEA), to observe the temperature and heat flux distribution across the thickness.

A barite sample collected from 200 m SE of Onnakarai village located in the ultramafic alkaline carbonatite complex of Tiruppattur is studied under polarizing microscope, scanning electron microscope and carried out X-ray diffraction analyses and Energy Dispersive X-ray micro Analyses (EDAX). Conventional wet gravimetric analyses are also made. EDAX analyses show presence of significant quantity of normative alkali-carbonates and niobium bearing rutile minerals. The carbonatitic barite is composed of significant proportion of (SrSO4)2.88-18.26% replacing barite molecules. Though barite incorporates significant amount of TiO2, no rutile needles are found within barite crystals, indicating that it is crystallized above eutectic temperature of~1200oC BaO-TiO2 system under atmospheric conditions. Petrographic studies of fluids inclusions presence primary and secondary fluid inclusions carrying H2O, liquid CO2 and CO2 phases with maximum peak of decrepitating pulses at 280oC indicate that the mineral is consolidated relatively at very high pressure condition much above atmospheric pressure. It is also enriched with incompatible elements like Ti, Nb, Zr, Hf, Y, Sc and REE constituents. The analyses show that the structural formula of the barite on the basis of 4 (O) ions is Ba0.95-0.32Sr0.10-0.03P0.00-0.04Ti0.35-0.28 Si0.17-0.01 Al0.02-0.00Fe0.01-0.00Mg0.02-0.00Ca0.04-0.01Na0.08-0.00K0.03-01CO20.35-0.03SO40.97-0.66. The EDAX analyses show that barite has enriched with significant amount of CO2 and SO3. In the field it occurs in the form of small vein lets (< 3 x 0.3m) and lenses in ultramafic rock at the contact ultrapotassic garnetiferous syenites. It is closely associated with benstonite-riebeckite carbonatite, ferro-carbonatites, monazite-riebeckite bearing albitite and ilmenorutile-apatite veins.

Electricity generation without any fuel or raw material. A magnetic material or a magnet is placed in the ceiling of a room and floor is nothing but earth. Now if a magnet is placed in the air it will wither go to the ceiling or it will fall to earth whichever is greater force : magnetic pull or gravitation of earth accordingly. Now if we set the distance between magnetic material of the ceiling and magnet in such a manner that the magnetic force between ceiling and gravitation cancels out. Then the magnet will float in the air. This is how we can make a room gravitation free. Now a magnet is attached to ground and it is named magnet 1. Magnet 2 is free to roam around a horizontal plane as there is no gravity. If the distance between the two magnets is r and mass of the magnet 2 is m then if we give a velocity of v so that magnetic force between the two magnets is mv^2/r then the magnet 2 will rotate around magnet 1 in circular motion. Now if we put conducting current carrying wires around the circular path then the magnet 2 will induce electric current in the loop as per faraday’s law of induction. Hence electricity is generated.

“The phenomenon of pore pressure build-up following with the loss of soil strength is known as liquefaction (Committee on Earthquake Engineering, 1985)”. Liquefaction Potential Zones can be identified based on Superficial features (i.e. Preliminary Investigation), Sub surface features (i.e. Secondary Investigation) and Detailed Strength Parameters. The study of Mapping of Liquefaction Potential Zonation involves many Superficial Features like Geological, Geo-Hydrological, Geo-Morphological, Drainage, Age of Deposit etc. These studies give qualitative idea and indication of Liquefaction Susceptibility. The Sub surface investigation provides quantitative assessment of the Liquefaction Potentiality. Detailed analysis for mapping includes the strength parameters with all the above conditions and parameters as deciding factors and can be classified as: The Macro level of investigation is an overlook to the Liquefaction Susceptibility. While, the Micro level of investigation provides the preliminary Liquefaction Potentiality. Further, the liquefaction potentiality thus identified shall be analyzed with respect to the area specific strength characteristic and seismic activity. Here, the methods deciding the Liquefaction Susceptibility is discussed.

In this paper the BER (bit error rate) performance of MIMO system. MIMO uses multiple transmitting antennas, multiple receiving antennas and the space time block codes to provide diversity. MIMO transmits signal encoded by space time block encoder through different transmitting antennas. These signals arrive at the receiver at slightly different times. Spatially separated multiple receiving antennas are used to provide diversity reception to combat the effect of fading in the channel. This paper presents a detailed study of diversity coding for MIMO systems. Finally, these STBC techniques are implemented in MATLAB and Simulation results displays the BER performance of MIMO system with varying number of transmitting antennas.

In this paper comparison of array, booth radix-2 and booth radix-4 multipliers have been presented. Low power consumption and smaller area are some of the most important criteria for the fabrication of DSP systems and high performance systems. Optimizing the speed and area of the multiplier is a major design issue. In this paper we determine the best solution to this problem by comparing a few multipliers. The proposed architectures are synthesized using Xilinx tool and implemented on FPGA. Based on the theoretical and experimental estimation, analysis was carried on results such as the amount of hardware resources and delay. Proposed multipliers can be used for high performance applications like signal processing, image processing.

The Chennai City is blessed with rivers of Adayar, Coovum, Kortralaiyar, Ennore creek, Araniyar Rivers, Pulicat Lake and interconnecting Buckingham canal. Training walls of 2500 m lengths, with submerged barrages at about 500 m inside the entrances are to be constructed to generate rip currents, which prevent deposition of sedimentation and mouth closure by littoral drifts. A navigation channel in the Coovum River of 70 m width to 64 km long to Thiruvallore may be constructed with 5 lock and gate systems to rise and lowering boats and barrages. Another navigation channel for 36 km long in the Adayar valley up to Karisangal village may be constructed in similar manner. The entries of tidal waters far into Thiruverkadu, Thiruneermalai, and Buckingham canal flush out sewerages far into the sea. The dredging and deepening of these waterways -3 m msl always allow groundwater seepages enhancing river discharge potential. Disposal of sewerages and waste waters further increase this potential. Beyond these tidal basins, both Coovum and Adayar valleys, dredging up to 5 m depth is sufficient. Below the valley floor sufficient groundwater seepage enhance waters for navigations in these water ways. Construction of lock and gates at suitable places always maintain sufficient water level for navigation. Using volume of specific yield of groundwater supply (>10 l/s), river water and sewerage discharges, assumed potential of river-discharges and tidal prisms of saline water are calculated. The volume of water discharge of tidal prism has potential to generate 250 MW power by constructing suitable barrage type of tidal power plants at the mouths of Coovum, Adayar, Muthukkadu, Ennore Creek, Karungali and Thangaperumbalam near old Pulicat Lake. These plants can work for 20 hours per day. To reduce environmental problems plants may be constructed following the model of Severn Tidal Power Plant in United Kingdom.

This paper reviews the design of the system that can be used for industrial control and monitoring. This system is equipped with the necessary hardware so as analog and digital inputs and outputs can be interfaced with it. Digital and analog inputs and outputs are as per industry standard. For ease and flexibility for employing this system, the software interface is provided by programming various functional blocks in the system.

The use of carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) in nanotechnology and leading industries is of extreme importance due to its various applications. One such application is producing Aluminum reinforced nano-composites which may find applications in the aerospace and automobile industries. Additions of high modulus nano particles to Aluminum alloys offer the potential to develop a lightweight composite with high mechanical properties. It is extremely difficult to disperse nano sized ceramic particles uniformly in molten metal. In order to investigate the effect of selected nano-materials (CNTs) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of composite, a new method is used to avoid agglomeration and segregation of particles. The microstructure of the composites is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Experimental results show a nearly uniform distribution and good dispersion of the nano-particles within the Al matrix, although some of small agglomeration found. Hardness, Flexural strength and tensile strength are enhanced by incorporation of nano materials into matrix. The enhancement in values of hardness, flexural strength and tensile strength observed in this experiment is due to small particle size and good distribution of the particles, which was confirmed by SEM pictures.

This paper presents a novel approach for on-line education system for higher education students. Students in higher education seek to learn technologies that can best serve their future careers. System gives the faculties on-line attendance monitoring on the basis of on-line time table, on-line leave fillings, manage substitute lecture, help desk and complete learning management system to create assignments, quiz and give study material with marking. The system supports student to view attendance, marks, manage assignments and quiz. This paper presents the design, development, implementation and evaluation of an online system for teaching design technologies to engineering students. The system was designed to guide students according to their abilities, offering progression through an individual learning plan that contained various educational methods. On other hand the administrative part includes creation of courses, enrolls student, register faculty, assign subjects, manage and create time table, overall help desk management system. The system is completely discussed in the paper considering above points.

This paper will propose how to generate electricity while you are cycling. When we are cycling the two wheels rotate. If we convert the rotating motion of wheels into translation motion and we attach a bar magnet. Then the bar magnet will regulate translation motion continuously till the wheels are running. Now, if we attach a conducting current carrying loop near the bar magnet then it will induce an emf into the conducting loop hence current flow. Now we can charge an inverter with this current and emf. And we can easily use this inverter output to glow bulb on a cycle.

The experimental study and design of a triangular microstrip antenna with V-slot is presented in this paper. Triangular patch on a FR4 substrate is designed having thickness of 0.6 mm and relative permittivity of 4.4 and it is mounted at a height of 5.5 mm above the ground plane. Bandwidth as high as 9.17% are achieved with stable pattern characteristics, such as gain within its bandwidth. This technological design is achieved by the two narrow slots embedded on the microstrip antenna in V shape and placing a single feed. Antenna gain, Impedance bandwidth and return loss are examined for the proposed antenna. This antenna was designed on Ansoft HFSS v-11.1.1 software. Details of the deliberated and simulated results are presented and discussed.

This research presents an experimental study of the effect of polypropylene fiber on Ultra High Performance Self Compacting Concrete (UHPSCC). Local available materials and inclusion of polypropylene fiber with different quantities are investigated to produce UHPSCC. The experimental program comprises investigating four different quantities of polypropylene fiber namely; 4.55, 9.1, 13.65 and 18.2 kg/m3. The current study focuses on the influence of polypropylene fiber on both fresh and hardened properties such as flowability, filling ability, passing ability, compressive strength, splitting strength and flexural strength of UHPSCC. The results revealed that addition of polypropylene fibers improves the compressive strength of UHPSCC in the range of 1% to 7% compared with the non-fibrous UHPSCC. They also enhance the tensile strength in the range of 20% to 30%, and improve the flexural strength within the range of 16% to 26%. Moreover, it is concluded that the optimum polypropylene fiber is 13.65 kg/m3 of concrete with splitting tensile strength of 8MPa and flexural strength of 10MPa.

In present day constructions concrete is chosen as one of the best choices by civil engineers in construction materials. The concept of sustainability is touching new heights and many green building materials are tried and tested as partial replacement for the cement. One of the bye-products is Condensed Silica Fume (CSF) which enhances the durability and strength of the concrete. In the present investigation the strength of M60 and M70 concretes with the use of micro silica and in combination with colloidal nano-silica was used to study the mechanical properties. It is found from the experimental investigation that concrete composites with superior properties can be produced with the combination of micro-silica and nano-silica.

In this era of information highly accurate data is crucial for all requirements. The current investigation helps in achieving highly accurate image retrieval as close to human interpretation. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive review and characterize the problem of the semantic gap that is the key problem of region-based image retrieval and the current attempts in high-level semantic-based image retrieval being made to bridge it. In this paper, the latest contributions in research on different methods of image retrieval systems are described and major categories of the state-of-the-art techniques in narrowing down the ‘semantic gap’ are presented. Finally, based on existing technologies and the demand from real-world applications, a few promising future research directions are suggested.